integral of (3x^4-x^3+6x^2)/(x^4)
Before integrating, let's calculate: 3x4 -x3 + 6x2x4
Let's factorize in ℝ: 3x4 -x3 + 6x2
You can write the expression in factored form: x2·(3x2 -x + 6)
We divide the numerator and denominator of x2x4 by the common factor: x2, which gives the new quotient: 1x2
3x2 -x + 6x2
Let's integrate: ∫3x2 -x + 6x2dx
For x ≠ 0, divide each numerator term by the power in the denominator: 3x2 -x + 6x2 = 3 -1x + 6x2
ⅰ ∫3x2 -x + 6x2dx = ∫3dx -∫1xdx + ∫6x2dx
∫3dx -∫1xdx + ∫6x2dx
ⓘ The derivative of 3x is 3, so 3x is an antiderivative of 3: ∫3dx = 3x■The derivative of -ln|x| is -1x, so -ln|x| is an antiderivative of -1x: -∫1xdx = -ln|x|■A constant factor stays in front of the integral. An antiderivative of x^n is x^(n+1)/(n+1), for n ≠ -1: ∫6x2dx = ∫6x-2dx = -6x-1 = -6x
3x -ln|x| -6x
▶Indefinite integrals are defined up to an additive constant C, so this yields: 3x -6x -ln|x| + C