Let's reduce: x3 -xx We first try to factorize the numerator Let's factor in ℝ: x3 -x You can factorize this expression into: x·(x2 -1) Let's factor in ℝ: (x2 -1) Factors found: (x + 1)·(x -1) With the new factorized numerator, we try to simplify the new quotient: x·(x + 1)·(x -1)x (x + 1)·(x -1) x·x + x·-1 + 1·x + 1·-1 x2 -x + x -1 x2 + 0 -1 ▷Answer: x2 -1